Sub-ablative Laser Energy in Caries Prevention: Recent Advancement in Pediatric Dentistry: A Review

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the effects of Laser with Sub-ablative energy for prophylactic intervention to reduce the caries incidence in Pediatric population and comparing Lasers with other traditional interventions (TPI's) when used alone or together with TPI such as Fluoride varnish etc.

Methods: For a Systematic Review articles were selected using the Medline, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Data bases. The main terms used for search were : "Laser & Caries", "Lasers & Caries Prevention", "Lasers & Acid resistance and Enamel", Laser & Fluoride" and "Laser & Demineralization".

Eligibility Criteria: Abstracts of the Articles identified by the search and all Articles that appeared to meet the Inclusion Criteria were selected and actual Articles were collected. Inclusion Criteria: 1. Study that relates use of Laser for Caries prevention, 2. Studies related with application of Topical Fluoride, 3. Study was published in a refereed professional or scientific journal. Exclusion Criteria: Case reports and single case studies, Studies on dentin and root surface.

Result: Laser irradiation under specific conditions can change the crystallographic properties of apatite crystals increasing the acid resistance of Lased enamel. CO2 Lasers were most effective device in preventing acid demineralization. The combination of Lasers with TPI was more effective than Laser or Fluoride used alone.

Conclusion: The available data after reviewing Articles suggests that Lasers combined with fluoride is a promising treatment in caries prevention. Despite some positive indications an inadequate level of evidence was found concerning Lasers effectiveness in preventing caries.