Relationship between Serum Alpha 1 Antitrypsin, Cotinine and Anthropometric Markers in Cigarette Smoked Subjects

Abstract

Introduction: - In the United States (US) & other countries cigarette smoking (CS) continues to be the more preventable cause of disease and death. To both tobacco use and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), cotinine is widely applied as a marker, because it has a longer half-life (average, 18 to 20 hours) than nicotine (average, 2 to 3 hours). Alpha1-proteinase inhibitor or SERPINA1 are other used words for Alpha1-Antitrypsin (A1AT), and also the SERPIN (an acronym for serine proteinase inhibitor) family of protease inhibitors, prototypical member. Age, Height, Weight, Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Waist-hip ratio are simple and valid anthropometric measures for the assessment of risk of obesity & other systemic diseases in smokers The objectives of the present study were to measure the levels of serum alpha 1 antitrypsin, cotinine in cigarette smokers & to study the association between these biochemical markers with anthropometric markers and the duration and number of cigarette smoked.

Materials & Methods:- The present study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad. Prior to estimation anthropometric markers (weight, height, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference & waist hip ratio) were done in all subjects followed by serum A1AT (alpha 1 antitrypsin) by ELISA (Elabscience, Catalog No: E-EL-H0109), serum cotinine by HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography).

Results:- The mean serum cotinine level was significantly raised in cigarette smokers as compared to non-smokers whereas mean serum A1AT level was significantly decreased in cigarette smokers as compared to non-smokers. This difference was found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05).

Conclusion:- Based on our findings and the other data in the study, we speculate that these biomarkers to the detection of smokers might be useful with a high risk of pulmonary & cardiovascular diseases developed by smoke induced and will help to clinicians to formulate novel treating protocol & follow up for their patients