Understanding Āmavāta (Rheumatoid Arthritis) Through the Lens of Ayurveda: A Critical Review of Pathogenesis and Management

Abstract

Background: Āmavāta, clinically comparable to Rheumatoid Arthritis, is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder described in Ayurveda with symptoms such as joint pain, stiffness, and systemic malaise, resulting from the interaction of Āma and Vāta.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Ayurvedic management in the treatment of Āmavāta with special reference to joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and functional disability.

Materials and Methods: A total of 120 patients diagnosed with Āmavāta were enrolled from the Department of Kayachikitsa, College of Ayurved & Research Centre, Nigdi, Pune,India from January 2020 to December 2020 . Patients were managed with a protocol including Āmapācana (using Śuṇṭhī, Pippalī, Guduchi), Vātānulomana, Śodhana (where indicated), and Śamana Chikitsā using classical formulations such as Simhanāda Guggulu, Rasnasaptaka Kwātha, and Maharasnādi Taila.

Observations and Results: Significant improvement was observed in symptoms such as joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. Functional scores and quality of life also improved markedly over the treatment and follow-up period.

Conclusion: A comprehensive Ayurvedic regimen combining internal medications, external therapies, and lifestyle regulation proves effective in managing Āmavāta, especially when applied in early to moderate stages of the disease.