Evaluating the Anti Inflammatory Properties of Arrow Root Extract Silver Nanoparticles - An Invitro Study.

Abstract

Introduction: Silver nanoparticles are recognized for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making them valuable in biomedical applications. Green synthesis methods using plant extracts, such as arrowroot, provide an eco-friendly alternative for nanoparticle production. Arrowroot has traditionally been used for its medicinal benefits, and this study explores its potential in synthesizing silver nanoparticles with anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) extract in an in vitro model.

Materials and Methods: Arrow Root Extract Silver Nanoparticles (AR-AgNPs) were synthesized using arrow root extract and silver nitrate solution. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Denaturation Assay, Egg Albumin Denaturation Assay, and Membrane Stabilization Assay. For BSA and egg albumin assays, protein denaturation was induced by heat (70°C for 10 min), and inhibition was measured spectrophotometrically at 660 nm. In the membrane stabilization assay, human red blood cells were exposed to hypotonic stress, and lysis was measured by recording absorbance at 560 nm. Different concentrations of AR-AgNPs (10-50 μg/mL) were tested in all assays.

Results: The synthesized Arrow Root Extract Silver Nanoparticles (AR-AgNPs) demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity in all three assays. In the BSA and egg albumin denaturation assays, AR-AgNPs showed a dose-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation, with the highest inhibition observed at 50 μg/mL. The membrane stabilization assay also showed a notable reduction in hemolysis, confirming the membrane-protective effect of AR-AgNPs. Across all assays, the nanoparticles exhibited a consistent anti-inflammatory response, with inhibition percentages comparable to standard anti-inflammatory drugs.

Conclusion: Arrowroot extract-synthesized silver nanoparticles showed promising anti-inflammatory properties in vitro, suggesting their potential use in treating inflammation-related conditions. Further research is necessary to evaluate their clinical application and ensure their safety for therapeutic use.