“The Role of Hypomagnesemia as Prognostic Indicator in Patients with St Elevation Myocardial Infarction”

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases, particularly acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide. ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a severe form of AMI associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Hypomagnesemia has been increasingly recognized as a potential prognostic marker in STEMI patients, influencing cardiac function and patient outcomes. However, its role remains underexplored in clinical settings.

Aim: To determine whether hypomagnesemia at admission serves as a prognostic indicator in patients with STEMI and to evaluate its association with disease severity and clinical outcomes.

Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study included 110 patients diagnosed with STEMI based on American Heart Association (AHA) criteria. Serum magnesium levels were measured at admission, and patients were categorized into hypomagnesemia and normal magnesium groups. Clinical severity was assessed using Killip classification, and outcomes, including mortality, arrhythmias, and recovery rates, were evaluated at a 30-day follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v23.0, with p<0.05 considered significant.

Results: The study cohort had a mean age of 60.3 years, with a male predominance (58.2%). Hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with higher Killip class severity (9.1% in class 3 vs. 1.8% in normal magnesium, p<0.05). At 30-day follow-up, recovery was significantly higher in patients with normal magnesium levels (54.5%) compared to those with hypomagnesemia (23.6%), while mortality was also higher in the hypomagnesemia group (3.6%). Additionally, hypomagnesemia was linked to increased arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia (10.9%).”

Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia is significantly associated with worse outcomes in STEMI patients, including higher disease severity, increased arrhythmia risk, and lower recovery rates. Routine assessment of magnesium levels in STEMI patients may help in early risk stratification and targeted therapeutic interventions. Further research is required to explore the potential benefits of magnesium supplementation in improving clinical outcomes.