“Pioneering Eco-Friendly HPLC Analysis for Febuxostat and Aceclofenac Using Design of Experiments”
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Abstract
A novel “HPLC method was designed and validated” for the “simultaneous quantification of Aceclofenac and Febuxostat,” a newer pharmaceutical combination. The “method” incorporates “green analytical chemistry” principles and utilizes “Design of Experiments” for optimization. “Chromatographic separation” was implemented on a Unison “C18 column, with Central Composite Design” optimizing the “mobile phase” using two factors: methanol volume and “flow rate”. The optimal “mobile phase” consisted of “methanol, 0.01M KH₂PO₄ buffer (pH 5.0), and acetonitrile in a 30:50:20 ratios”, with detection at “290 nm”. “Retention times” were 11.415 and 9.82 minutes for Aceclofenac and Febuxostat, in that order. “Calibration plots were linear” over the “concentration” ranges of 9–27 “µg/ml” for Aceclofenac and 6–18 “µg/ml” for Febuxostat. The “method” demonstrated excellent precision, sensitivity, and durability, with percentage recoveries close to 100% and minimal variation. “The greenness of the method” was evaluated using four tools: “Analytical Eco-scale, Blue Applicability Grade Index, Complementary Green Analytical Procedure Index, and Analytical Greenness Metric Approach”. The developed HPLC method is efficient, precise, and adheres to green analytical chemistry principles. It provides a reliable and environmentally friendly approach for the simultaneous quantification of Aceclofenac and Febuxostat.