A Comparative Study of Dyslipidemia in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and Without Hypertension

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic disorder in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and may be further aggravated by coexisting hypertension, increasing cardiovascular risk. This study aims to compare the lipid profiles and glycemic status of newly diagnosed T2DM patients with and without hypertension.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry at IIMSR, Lucknow. A total of 140 newly diagnosed T2DM patients aged 30–65 years were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of hypertension. Data on demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters were collected and analyzed using SPSS v26.0.

Results: T2DM patients with hypertension had significantly higher fasting (224.57 ± 92.87 mg/dL) and postprandial (266.97 ± 88.90 mg/dL) blood glucose levels compared to those without hypertension. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL were also significantly elevated in the hypertensive group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in HDL levels or cholesterol/HDL ratios.

Conclusion: Newly diagnosed T2DM patients with hypertension exhibit significantly worse dyslipidemia and glycemic control compared to non-hypertensive counterparts. Early intervention targeting lipid and blood pressure control is crucial in preventing cardiovascular complications in this population.