Impact of Altered Implant Dimensions on Periodontal Bone Anchorage in Immediate Molar Implants. - A Cross-sectional Analysis using Virtual Implants and Digital Imaging.

Abstract

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the Periodontal bone thickness (Bucco-lingual, Mesio-distal and Apical) and to elucidate the precise correlations between bone quality and quantity with alterations in the length and diameter of immediately placed virtual molar implants using Digital Imaging system.

Material methods: Present study includes 60 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images, where virtual implants of various lengths ( 8.5, 11.5 & 13.5 mm) and diameters ( 4.7, 5.8 & 7 mm) were categorized ( L1 to L3 and D1 to D3) groups and analysed for implant periodontal bone support at buccal and lingual cortical plate, mesial and distal interdental bone support and as well apical bone anchorage.

Results: Virtual implant placement results showed highest apical bone support (1.35mm ± 1.67mm) for longer implants (L3 – 13.5mm) and wider implant groups ( D3 – 7mm)  showed complete coronal cortical bone support  buccally (2.55mm ± 0.81mm) and  lingually (1.95mm ± 0.98mm), interdental bone anchorage mesially (1.20mm ± 0.51mm) and distally (1.05mm ± 0.59mm).

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that, in order to maximise periodontal bone anchoring on all surfaces and minimise the need for adjuvant bone grafting methods, wider and longer implants should be used when placing immediate molar extraction cases.