Assessing the Burden of Escherichia coli Powdered Soybean Consumed in Nnewi South, Anambra State

Abstract

In Anambra State, particularly Nnewi South, a concerning trend has emerged, with increasing cases of gastrointestinal illnesses, including diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). These health issues are linked to the consumption of powdered soybean. This study investigated the presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in powdered soybean samples collected from ten major towns in the region. A total of 200 samples were screened using pour plate technique, and isolates were characterized and identified based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. The study revealed the presence of five E. coli strains: SEC470, V266, SUS9EC, O157:H7 strain SS52, and O157:H7 strain Sakai. The distribution of these strains varied significantly, with ECSEC470 being the most predominant (29.19%). Samples collected from Ebenato and open markets had the highest number of E. coli isolates. Notably, sorbitol-negative E. coli were more prevalent in samples collected near hospital settings. The study highlights the presence of diverse E. coli strains in powdered soybean, emphasizing the need for proper handling and storage practices to minimize the risk of contamination and potential health implications.