Role of Hyperbilirubinemia as a New Diagnostic Tool to Predict Gangrenous, Perforated Appendicitis, and Appendicular Abscess an Observational Study

Abstract

Appendicitis remains one of the most prevalent surgical emergencies globally, with a lifetime risk estimated at 8.6% in males and 6.7% in females. Although the diagnosis of appendicitis primarily relies on clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and laboratory tests, its accurate and timely identification, particularly in complicated forms like gangrenous, perforated appendicitis, or appendicular abscess, continues to present a clinical challenge. The identification of reliable biomarkers capable of aiding early recognition of severe forms of appendicitis is an ongoing pursuit in the field of surgical medicine. Hyperbilirubinemia, characterized by elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, has been established as a potential marker in various pathological conditions. Recent studies have suggested its potential utility as a diagnostic tool in differentiating various intra-abdominal pathologies, including acute appendicitis