Comparing the Effect of Bolus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Vs Magnesium Sulphate on Onset of Atracurium using a Tof Monitor-A Randomised Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: Anaesthesia plays a pivotal role in modern surgical procedures by ensuring patient safety, comfort, and optimal surgical conditions. Neuromuscular blockade is an essential component for facilitating muscle relaxation during surgery. Adjunctive agents like Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium sulphate are increasingly used to enhance neuromuscular blockade and improve perioperative hemodynamic stability.

Aim: The primary aim of this study was to compare the effects of bolus intravenous Dexmedetomidine versus Magnesium sulphate on neuromuscular blockade during general anaesthesia. The study specifically evaluated their influence on the onset and recovery of neuromuscular blockade.

Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial included 75 adult patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia. Participants were divided into three groups: Group A (Dexmedetomidine), Group B (Magnesium sulphate), and Group C (Normal Saline). The onset and recovery of neuromuscular blockade was monitored using the train-of-four (TOF) technique, and hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, mean arterial pressure) were recorded before and after intubation.

Results: Group B (Magnesium sulphate) demonstrated the fastest onset of neuromuscular blockade (mean time: 3 min 19 sec), while Group A (Dexmedetomidine) showed a faster recovery (mean time: 47 min 16 sec).

Findings: Dexmedetomidine was found to be superior in providing hemodynamic stability while Magnesium sulphate, however, facilitated a quicker onset of blockade and may be beneficial in scenarios requiring rapid muscle relaxation and longer duration of blockade.