Study on Prescribed Antenatal Medications among Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Abstract

Background: Medication use during pregnancy is common but poses challenges related to safety and efficacy. Understanding prescription patterns in antenatal care is essential to promote rational drug use and optimize outcomes.

Aim: To study the prescription patterns of drugs among antenatal women attending a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 155 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics between November 2023 and August 2024. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and prescribed medications were collected and analyzed. Statistical tests including chi-square and t-tests were applied to assess associations and prescribing trends.

Results: The mean age was 26.8 ± 4.7 years, with 61.3% aged 18-24 years. Vitamins and minerals were prescribed to all women in the first two trimesters, while antibiotic use increased significantly in later trimesters (p = 0.0005). High adherence to medications was observed in women with diabetes (92.0%), hypertension (88.9%), thyroid disorders (92.8%), and anemia (91.4%). Average drugs per prescription were 3.1 ± 1.2, with 68% prescribed by generic names. Use of injections was limited (15.5%). Rational drug use principles were largely adhered to.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated appropriate prescribing practices with trimester-specific adjustments and effective management of common comorbidities. Continued focus on rational drug use and safety monitoring is recommended.