Evaluating the Physicochemical and Microbiological Quality of Borehole Water Sources

Abstract

Borehole water serves as a significant source of potable water in numerous developing areas; however, its quality is frequently undermined by various pollutants. This research examines the physicochemical and microbiological quality of borehole water sources in Ain Temouchent, Algeria. Five water samples were collected and analysed according to standardised ISO methods. The mean physicochemical parameters measured were: pH 7.47, temperature 18.88 C°, conductivity 1125 µS/cm, turbidity 1.03 NTU, TDS 1012mg/l, nitrite 0.15 mg/L, nitrate 48.95 mg/L, calcium 58.04 mg/L, magnesium 50.15mg/L, sodium 157.24 mg/l, sulfates 129.06 mg/L, and potassium 3.16 mg/L. Microbiological analyses for total Coliforms, E. coli, Streptococcus, and anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria indicate the absence of bacterial contamination. The water quality is largely satisfactory, except for elevated mineral concentrations in specific samples according to WHO., necessitating monitoring or treatment prior to utilisation. Consequently, it is essential to establish regular water quality monitoring programs and enhance borehole protection measures, including appropriate sealing and sanitation practices surrounding the water sources. These measures will guarantee the delivery of safe and dependable drinking water to the local populace and mitigate the risk of waterborne illnesses.