Literature Review of Antidepressant Activity of Garlic in Animal Models

Abstract

Introduction: Garlic (Allium sativum) has been a subject of interest in the field of mental health due to its potential therapeutic properties. The plant's rich composition of bioactive compounds, including organic sulfides, saponins, and phenolic compounds, has prompted researchers to investigate its efficacy in treating various conditions, including depression. While conventional antidepressant medications like Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors are widely prescribed, their limited success rates have led to the exploration of alternative treatments. Objectives: The hypothesis linking chronic inflammation to neurotransmitter depletion and subsequent depression has opened new avenues for research, with garlic's anti-inflammatory properties making it a promising candidate for investigation.  Recent studies have focused on evaluating garlic's antidepressant activity through comprehensive literature reviews and experimental models. Methods: Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science is utilized to gather relevant information published between 2020 and 2024. The search strategy employed specific terms related to garlic's antidepressant properties and its pharmacological activity in animal models. Results: This approach aims to consolidate current knowledge on garlic's potential as an alternative or complementary treatment for depression, particularly in light of its anti-inflammatory compounds like ajoene and dimethyl trisulfide. Conclusion: The findings from these studies may contribute to a better understanding of garlic's role in mental health and potentially lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for depression management.