Retrospective Evaluation of Maternal Outcomes in Pregnancies Following Fertility Treatments

Abstract

Background: In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) are popular infertility treatments. However, maternal outcomes from ART-achieved pregnancies are growing concerns. These outcomes must be understood to improve care and reduce hazards.

Method: From January 2023 to July 2024, Madhubani Medical College & Hospital researchers examined 1,500 fertility-treated pregnancies. They examined maternal outcomes to assess procedure efficacy. EHRs contain demographics, fertility treatment details, pregnancy outcomes, and maternal issues. During pregnancy, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and hypertension were studied. T-tests and chi-square tests were used to establish statistical significance between ART and spontaneously conceived pregnancies.

Results: The study also found higher rates of preeclampsia (12%), gestational diabetes (14% vs. 8%), and gestational hypertension (18% vs. 10%) in ART pregnancies. In ART pregnancies, cesarean sections (40% vs. 30%) and preterm labor (22% vs. 15%) were more prevalent. Average birth weight and gestational age at delivery were lower in ART pregnancies. Most maternal and pregnancy outcomes were statistically significant.

Conclusion: Pregnancies after reproductive therapies are more likely to have maternal issues and poor outcomes. To reduce these risks and improve outcomes, prenatal treatment must include early monitoring and individualized management. Future research should focus on these dangers and their long-term effects.