Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Different Vaccination Strategies in Preventing Vaccine-Preventable Diseases.

Abstract

Background: Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) continue to pose a significant threat to global public health despite advancements in vaccination programs. In India, where infectious diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, the effectiveness of different vaccination strategies must be evaluated to enhance public health outcomes.

Objective: This study evaluated and compared the effectiveness of various vaccination strategies in preventing VPDs in a healthcare setting in Muzaffarpur, Bihar.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Radha Devi Jageshwar Memorial Medical College & Hospital, Turki, Muzaffarpur, from September 2024 to November 2024. A sample of 100 participants, including patients, healthcare providers, and the general population, was selected. Data collection involved questionnaires, interviews, and medical records to assess vaccination coverage, disease incidence, and outcomes. The study compared routine immunization programs, targeted vaccination campaigns, booster doses, and innovative strategies such as school-based programs and mobile vaccination units.

Results: The study found that routine immunization programs achieved 90% vaccination coverage and reduced disease incidence by 75%. Targeted vaccination campaigns led to a 70% reduction in disease incidence, while booster doses resulted in a 50% decrease in disease severity. Innovative strategies showed the highest impact, with 95% coverage and an 80% reduction in disease incidence in remote populations.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of a multi-faceted approach to vaccination, combining routine immunization, targeted campaigns, booster doses, and innovative strategies. These approaches significantly reduce VPDs and improve overall public health. Public health policies should incorporate these strategies for optimal vaccination coverage and to address gaps in underserved populations.