Biomimetic Approach to Phyto-Mediated Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Waltheria Indica Root Extract and Exploring their Potential In-Vitro Antibactertial Activity

Abstract

This study investigates biogenic ZnO NPs synthesised from Waltheria indica root extract and their antibacterial properties. UV-visible, FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDAX confirmed ZnO NP formation. UV-Vis spectrophotometers show ZnO NP formation with a 374 nm SPR peak. XRD confirmed the NPs' structural crystallinity. SEM micrographs show hexagonal ZnO NPs. W. indica root extract-mediated ZnO NPs from biological synthesis inhibited many microbial strains. The study found that ZnO NPs have antibacterial properties against all tested microorganisms, with a 13-mm zone of inhibition for S. flexneri at 100 μg/mL concentration. This suggests that biologically synthesised ZnO nanoparticles may be utilised in therapeutics to improve effectiveness, owing to their significant antibacterial properties. Moreover, further investigation may reveal new opportunities for developing innovative and secure treatments for bacterial infections through the use of biofabricated ZnO nanoparticles.