Design and Evaluation of Bio-Degradable Cosmetic Wipes with Polyherbal Extracts in the Treatment of Acne in Male Adolescents

Abstract

Background: The increasing prevalence of acne and associated skin conditions necessitates the development of eco-friendly and effective therapeutic formulations. Herbal extracts, known for their bioactive properties, have gained attention as alternatives to synthetic treatments. Neem leaf extract, pomegranate peel extract, flaxseed oil, and lemon oil possess significant antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, making them promising candidates for anti-acne formulations. This study aims to formulate and evaluate polyherbal gels using biodegradable components, ensuring enhanced application and sustainability.

Materials and Methods: Two gel formulations were prepared using Carbopol (F1) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, F2) as polymer bases. The herbal extracts were incorporated alongside other excipients to achieve optimal gel consistency. The gels were further spread onto biodegradable paper to create dissolvable sheets. Physicochemical properties, including pH, homogeneity, and spreadability, were evaluated. Drug content was assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, while in-vitro diffusion studies were conducted using a Franz diffusion cell. The release kinetics were analyzed using mathematical models, including Zero Order, First Order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas. Antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antioxidant properties were determined through DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assays.

Results: Both formulations exhibited desirable physical properties, uniformity, and drug content. In-vitro diffusion studies showed sustained release profiles for F1 and F2, with release mechanisms predominantly governed by diffusion. Antimicrobial testing demonstrated significant inhibition against tested pathogens, and antioxidant assays revealed strong free radical scavenging activity.

Conclusion: The polyherbal gel formulations incorporating biodegradable paper present a novel, eco-friendly, and effective approach for acne treatment. This study underscores the potential of integrating traditional herbal medicine with modern pharmaceutical techniques to develop sustainable therapeutic solutions.