Silver Nanoparticle Formulation Development and Evaluation: In-Vitro Anti-Microbial Evidences

Abstract

There is a rapidly expanding discipline dedicated to the creation of non-biodegradable nanoparticles for use in nanomedicine and nanotechnology. The purpose of this study is to create and test the efficacy of colloidal silver nanoparticles as an antibacterial and antifungal agent. Standard chemical reduction techniques have been used to prepare the colloidal silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticles of colloidal silver were studied using TEM, zeta potential, photo correlation spectroscopy, and in vitro release kinetics. The resulting particles were spherical, with an average particle size between 5 and 50 nm and zeta potentials between -10.0 and -30.0 mV; their release kinetics followed zero-order kinetics with a correlation coefficient of 0.96 or higher. According to the results of the dissolution tests, the release of silver nanoparticles is proportional to their size, i.e., the release is higher for smaller particles. These findings point to the stability of Ag NPs in pharmaceutical formulations and their potential for rapid delivery to the site of infection. There was a wide range of bacterial species that were killed by the colloidal silver nanoparticles. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the focus of the research. Aspergillus and Penicillium's antifungal properties were also studied. Nanoparticle cytotoxicity was investigated in human fibroblast cells. The results indicated that cytotoxicity depends on concentration. In light of these findings, silver nanoparticles may be worth investigating further as a potential antibacterial and antifungal agent that would avoid the drawbacks of conventional antibiotics while yet being effective.