Novel Insights on Gastrointestinal Drug Delivery of Phytoactive Drugs and Their Delivery System

Abstract

A significant amount of progress has been made in the delivery of drugs to the gastrointestinal system in recent years, particularly gastrointestinal dispensing. A growing body of research has focused on the therapeutic potential of phytoactive drugs, which are derived from natural sources. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of novel insights into the gastrointestinal drug delivery of phytoactive drugs and to describe innovative delivery systems designed to enhance the effectiveness and bioavailability of these drugs. The review highlights the inherent challenges regarding stabilization, solubility, and permeability within the gastrointestinal tract that are inherent to phytoactive drugs. The article then discusses the latest developments in drug delivery technologies tailored specifically to phytoactive compounds. Several special delivery systems are discussed, including nanoparticles, liposomes, and microspheres. These systems are capable of overcoming limitations associated with conventional dosage forms. Moreover, the review also highlights the complex interactions between phytoactive drugs and the gastrointestinal environment with respect to their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Several formulation strategies are discussed in detail in relation to modulating drug release kinetics and optimizing therapeutic outcomes.  In order to design effective delivery systems, phytoactive drugs must be understood in terms of their physicochemical properties. The book discusses the relationship between biopharmaceutical factors and drug release and absorption, such as pH of gastrointestinal fluids and enzymatic environment.