A Study on the Clinicopathological Profile and Staging of Malignant Maxillary Tumours
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Abstract
Background: Malignant maxillary tumors are rare neoplasms with complex clinical presentations and diverse histopathological profiles, often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to nonspecific symptoms. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathological profile, management strategies, and prognosis of these tumors in a hospital-based cohort.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, from October 2022 to April 2024, involving 50 patients aged 18-60 years presenting with signs of maxillary tumors. Diagnostic tools included Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy, Video Laryngo Endoscopy, and imaging modalities (CT and MRI), followed by histopathological confirmation. Tumors were staged using the TNM and Broder’s systems. Management included surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 9.0.
Results: The mean age was 54.18 years, with a near-equal gender distribution. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histopathological type (48%), followed by adenocarcinoma (30%). Tumors predominantly involved the maxillary antrum and middle meatus. There was no significant association between disease stage and response to therapy (p = 0.250) or treatment choice (p = 0.325). Common symptoms included nasal obstruction (24%), epistaxis (18%), and dental issues (14%).
Conclusion: The study highlights the varied clinicopathological features and complex treatment outcomes of malignant maxillary tumors. Despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, no significant correlations were found between disease stage and therapy response or treatment choice, suggesting the need for individualized treatment strategies and further research to improve outcomes.