An In-Vivo Evaluation of Radiologic Bone Densities at Different Sites of Implant Placed by Platform Switched and Conventional Philosophies; A CBCT Based Original Research Study

Abstract

Background and Aim: With the advancements in the field of head and neck radiology, it is comparatively easy now to assess the bony status both qualitatively and quantitatively. Cone beam computed tomography has actually revolutionized all these areas of dental surgery. Dental implant success is mostly dependent on the available healthy bone therefore; this in vivo study was performed to evaluate the radiologic bone densities at different sites of implant placed by platform switched and conventional philosophies. Authors performed this study with the help of three dimensional latest radiologic aid; CBCT.

Materials and Methods: Total 20 patients were selected by simple random sampling method and all 20 surgeries were performed by using a single typed implant system. Group 1 patients included 10 patients wherein radiologic bone densities were evaluated at three implant sites and platform switching concept was utilized. Group 2 patients included 10 patients with same evaluation sites and without platform switching concept. All these radiologic assessments were attempted by CBCT. All density related estimations were completed after 2 months of abutment placement by CBCT. The responses were studied as adequate and non-adequate in 2 months post operative timings. P value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.

Statistical Analysis and Results: Statistical analysis was completed by SPSS software. Out of 20 studied patients, 13 were males and 7 were females. P-value was highly significant for age group 28-30 years (0.01). In Group 1 (crestal region), 8 patients were found to have adequate radiographic density. Similarly, 2 patients were found to have non-adequate radiographic density. In Group 1 (mid implant region), 9 patients were found to have adequate radiographic density and 1 patient was found to have non-adequate radiographic density. In Group 2 (crestal region), 7 patients were found to have adequate radiographic density and 3 patients were found to have non-adequate radiographic density. The level of significance calculated for between the groups was highly significant (0.001) as per one-way ANOVA analysis.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, authors concluded that implants placed with platform switching concept exhibited superior bony densities as compared to the other tested group. In each group, bony densities were superior at apical region and poorer at crestal region and accordingly the results were significant as well.