Comprehensive Comparative Analysis of Antibiotic Susceptibility Parameters in Common Oral Infections Particularly Focused on Amoxicillin, Amoxicillin Clavulanate, Tetracycline, Metronidazole, and Clindamycin: An Original Research Study

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to compare the analysis of antibiotic susceptibility in oral infections, focused on amoxicillin, amoxicillin clavulanate, tetracycline, metronidazole, and clindamycin.

Materials and Methods: This study examined 80 patients aged 35 to 60 with oral infections, specifically periodontitis and dental abscesses around the left mandibular first molar. Participants had no antibiotic treatment in the past 30 days and showed symptoms of both conditions. Exclusion criteria included recent mouthwash use, systemic diseases, mental instability, pregnancy, and smoking. Informed consent was obtained, and samples were collected using sterile swabs or through incision and drainage. These samples were sent to a microbiology lab for bacterial culture and sensitivity analysis, testing effectiveness against antibiotics like Amoxicillin, Amoxicillin/Clavulanate, Tetracycline, Metronidazole, and Clindamycin.

Statistical Analysis and Results: This study examined 80 patients with oral infections, specifically periodontitis and dental abscesses around the left mandibular first molar, including 44 males and 36 females aged 35 to 60 years. Bacterial susceptibility to key antibiotics—Amoxicillin, Amoxicillin/Clavulanate, Tetracycline, Metronidazole, and Clindamycin—was assessed through sampling. Dental abscesses are mostly involved with facultative anaerobes like Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, while Porphyromonas gingivalis was associated with periodontitis. Amoxicillin and Clindamycin demonstrated a high sensitivity rate of 9.7% for Streptococcus, and Amoxicillin/Clavulanate showed 9.5 %. Tetracycline and Metronidazole had lower sensitivity rates of 89% and 81%, respectively. Statistical analysis via one-way ANOVA provided insights into effective antibiotic treatments for guiding clinical practice.

Conclusion: This study concluded that amoxicillin-clavulanate and clindamycin are most effective against the mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria common in these infections, while amoxicillin remains a strong first-line option for milder cases. The choice of antibiotic should be guided by the infection's nature and severity, local resistance patterns, and patient-specific health factors, including allergies.