Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of 2-Pyrazoline Derivative on Leukemia Cancer Cell Line K562

Abstract

The 2-pyrazoline derivatives have a wide range of biological effects, such as anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-depressant and anti-cancer effects. Studies have shown that compounds containing 2-pyrazoline along with another heterocycles may show more effective biological properties. In this study, a 2-pyrazoline derivative with a spiro-indenoquinoxaline ring at C3 position was synthesized by one-pot microwave-assisted method and its chemical structure was confirmed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The cytotoxic effects of the compound were evaluated on the K562 cell line and phytohemagglutinin-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PHA+PBMC) by MTT assay. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin on these cells were investigated and compared with those of 2-pyrazoline. The IC50 values ​​obtained from the 2-pyrazoline derivative effects on the K562 cell line and PHA+PBMC cells were 45 and 55 μg/mL respectively, while cisplatin inhibited proliferation of the same cells with IC50 value 1.71 and 7.8 µg/mL respectively. The results of this study showed that the synthesized derivative had a cytotoxic activity on the K562 cancer cell line at higher concentrations than cisplatin.