Neuroimaging and Biomarker Analysis in Schizophrenia: Towards Personalized Treatment

Abstract

A complex mental condition, schizophrenia has many symptoms and clinical manifestations. Its heterogeneity makes diagnosis and treatment difficult. Neuroimaging and biomarker research have helped researchers comprehend schizophrenia's pathology and personalise treatment.

This review paper extensively analyses schizophrenia neuroimaging and biomarker research. It discusses structural and functional neuroimaging, genetic and biochemical biomarkers, and personalised therapy options. MRI has shown structural brain abnormalities such ventricular enlargement and reduced grey matter volume, revealing the disorder's anatomical cause. Functional imaging methods like functional MRI and positron emission tomography have revealed schizophrenia-related brain connection changes.

Genetic and physiological markers like candidate genes and neurotransmitter systems may help explain the disorder's aetiology and provide personalised treatment. Standardised techniques, longitudinal research, and ethical considerations are discussed in the paper's conclusion, along with field obstacles and future directions. Integrating neuroimaging and biomarkers could lead to personalised schizophrenia treatment.