Correlation Between Gall Stone Disease and Hypothyroidism

Abstract

Background: Gallstones, a common issue affecting the digestive system, can lead to hospitalization. They often occur in young, healthy individuals, with a prevalence rate of 11-36% according to autopsy reports. Some individuals may not experience symptoms, but the disease can still have a significant impact on healthcare costs and lead to life-threatening complications. The prevalence of gallstones varies, influenced by age, gender, and ethnicity, and can differ between countries and regions.

 Materials & Methods: This is hospital based cross sectional observational study which was conducted in the  Department of general surgery of Private medical college with study period of 6 months. The total sample size of the study was 100 patients. The collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel. Coding of the variables was done. Analysis was done using SPSS software (Version 27, IBM). Results: Of the 100 patients, (71%) were females and  (29%) were females. Diagnosis 68% cholelithiasis, 13% had chronic calculous cholecystitis,16% of patients had acute calculous cholecystitis, and Only 2% of cases involved gallbladder polyps. Gallstones are 60% single, while 40% had multiple gallstones. Prevalence of hypothyroid was 14% .Conclusion This study aimed to explore hypothyroidism prevalence in cholelithiasis patients, highlighting their demographic and clinical characteristics. As anticipated, the majority were female, consistent with higher incidences of both conditions in women. Most patients were aged between forty and fifty. Hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 14% of cases, correlating with the presence of multiple stones at surgery. The study suggests that prolonged elevated TSH levels contribute to stone formation over time, particularly in older patients. These findings support existing literature and advocate for larger studies to validate them. Regular TSH monitoring for early hypothyroidism detection could potentially mitigate cholelithiasis burden through timely intervention. Keywords: correlation, gall stone disease, hypothyroidism.