Designing Solar Still and Study it's Operating Parameters for Avoiding Chemical Health Risk: A Review

Abstract

Life depends on water, and in recent years, the importance of  having a sufficient supply of drinkable water cannot be overstated. The traditional methods of desalination necessitate for toxic salt removal expenditure in order to transform chemical toxic brackish water into potable pure water for human health and industrial use with avoiding chemical health risk . After decades of intensive research on a variety of desalination methods, solar desalination is one of the most promising approaches to harnessing renewable sources to provide the human health world with high-quality pure water from chemical toxic water . The necessity of the hour is a small-scale, self-contingent desalination equipment .A cutting-edge tool called a solar still uses solar energy to distil chemical toxic brackish water into pure water for avoiding chemical health risk. Approximately 97% of the water on Earth is chemical toxic brackish or saline salts, making it unfit for human health issues. There are several distillation processes available to turn salty or chemical toxic brackish water into drinkable water using various approaches. Nevertheless, the performance of basin-type solar stills is limited by certain factors, and various research, both experimental and numerical, have explored ways to improve both design and operational techniques. As a result, there has been little use of the most current theoretical initiatives and concepts addressing this issue. This article aims to give a thorough overview of the thermal models created for different kinds of solar stills and the adjustments made to enhance their functionality over time. Our research suggests that a few more factors and design considerations should be made while creating a new solar still. This study is effective because it gives energy researchers ideas into designing solar stills for the production of clean water from chemical toxic brackish or saline salts , which in turn encourages the commercialization of this product for rural human health development by avoiding chemical health risk . Lastly, a broad plan of action is provided for choosing a solar still with a versatile, reliable design. There are also suggestions for additional research included.