Qualitative and Quantitative Estimation with Isolation of Gingerol From Zingiber Officinale Rhizome

Abstract

The study aims to comprehensively analyze the bioactive compounds present in the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, commonly known as ginger, with a particular focus on gingerol, the principal bioactive component. This research encompasses both qualitative and quantitative assessments to identify and measure the concentration of gingerol. The qualitative analysis involves the preliminary phytochemical screening of the ginger rhizome extract to detect the presence of various secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. The methanolic extract showed a total phenolic content of 187.10 mg/gm and a total flavonoids content of 171.33 mg/gm, as determined by gallic acid equivalents and Rutin equivalents. Techniques such as Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and UV spectroscopy are employed to confirm the presence of gingerol and other related compounds. The extraction process utilizes solvent extraction methods, optimizing parameters such as solvent type, extraction time, and temperature to maximize yield. After performing extraction of Zingiber officinale, the percentage yield of Rhizome extract in different solvents like petroleum ether and methanolic extract were found to be 0.91 % (0.915 gm) and 6.08 % (6.028 gm) respectively. Isolation of gingerol is achieved through a combination of chromatographic separation techniques. Initially, the crude extract is subjected to column chromatography to fractionate the components, followed by UV spectroscopy. The isolated gingerol is then characterized using spectroscopic methods like Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) to confirm its structure and purity. The findings of this study provide a detailed understanding of the chemical composition of ginger rhizome, with precise quantification and successful isolation of gingerol. The study not only establishes a methodological framework for the extraction and analysis of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants but also highlights the potential of Zingiber officinale as a rich source of health-promoting constituents.