Comprehensive Review of Rice Bran Oil: A Detailed Exploration of its Reported Biological Activities

Abstract

Rice bran oil (RBO) has gained considerable attention due to its unique composition and reported biological activities, making it a subject of extensive research. This paper provides a comprehensive review of RBO, focusing on its nutritional profile, health benefits, and applications in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Rice bran, a by-product of rice milling, is rich in proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. Historically used as animal feed, recent studies highlight its potential as a functional food ingredient and source of bioactive compounds. Key components such as polysaccharides, oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and phytosterols exhibit various health-promoting effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. The conversion of rice bran into a 'superfood' has led to novel product developments and potential clinical applications. This review delves into the detailed exploration of RBO's composition, biological activities, and therapeutic potential, underscoring its significance in the contemporary health landscape.