The Influence of Dust Exposure and Individual Characteristic on Lung Capacity in Labor in Production Unit of the Indonesian Ship Industry (Persero) in Makassar

Abstract

Introduction: Exposure to pollutants carries the risk of upper respiratory tract infection. Respiratory tract disease is an occupational disease found globally in developing countries.

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of dust exposure and individual characteristic on lung capacity in labor in the production unit of the Indonesian ship industry in Makassar.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 72 laborers who provided consent and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using the chi‑square and logistic regression models with a P value of 0.005, odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), pathway analysis to determine the direct and indirect effects. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages, means and linear regression analysis for variables and data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0.

Results: Dust exposure (P=0.028), use of protective personal equipment (P=0.000), and a history of medical illness (P=0.000) affected the lung capacity of labor. The length of service (P=0.019), use of PPE (P=0.000), and history of medical illness (P=0.000) had significant effects on laborers’ lung function. Work experience (P=0.267), smoking habits (P=1.000), and exercise habits (P=0.241) did not have a significant effect on lung capacity, whereas exposure to dust (P=0.115), smoking habits (P=1.000) and exercise habits (P=0.112) have not significant effect on lung function disorders on employee at the Indonesian ship industry (Persero) Makassar City.

Conclusions: Regular medical check-up and provision personal protective equipment (PPE) for labor in production units are needed to reduce the risk of lung capacity and lung function impairment.