Characterization of Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Cross-sectional Cohort

Abstract

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), a multi-organ autoimmune disease, often affecting various organ with  skin involvement. This study examined a public health facility in Bettiah, India, to determine how prevalence, types, and therapeutic importance cutaneous SLE indicators are.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 25Government Medical  College and hospital at Bettiah diagnosed SLE patients were evaluated. Dermatological exams, medical record reviews, and structured questionnaires assessed skin lesion prevalence, demographics, clinical characteristics, and patient outcomes.

Results: Alopecia (48%), photosensitivity (60%), and malar rash (72%), the most prevalent cutaneous symptoms, were observed (84%). SLE duration was strongly linked to discoid and malar rashes. Photosensitivity and livedo reticularis enhanced in renal failure patients.

Conclusion: SLE patients have common skin complaints with clinical implications, as this study reveals. Early skin lesion detection and treatment improve patient outcomes. Skin symptoms are linked to illness duration and renal involvement, requiring careful monitoring and individualised treatment. Future research should focus on biomarkers, genetic and environmental factors, treatment optimisation, and longitudinal cutaneous SLE studies.