Simultaneous Adsorption of Rhodamine B, Malachite Green, and Congo Red Dyes Through Aluminium Oxide Modified Natural Clay: A Comprehensive Study

Abstract

The main point of this study is to find out how well a mixture of natural clay and aluminium oxide can get rid of manufactured colours in water. The synthetic colours that companies dump into their wastewater are bad for both people and the earth. Adding aluminium oxide to clay changes it so that it can accept things better than clay that has not been changed. Longer contact times, higher dye concentrations, and higher adsorbent doses led to higher outputs. This was shown by batch adsorption tests and spectrophotometric analysis, which shows that adsorption depends on concentration. The results show that modified clay might be a better way to get rid of dyes than the usual methods, which are bad for the environment and people. As suggested, a lot of research should be done into how adsorption works, how it can be regenerated and used again, what the best conditions are for adsorption, and how to put the suggested solutions into action with the help of important business players. This study shows how important it is to keep dye pollution under control in wastewater treatment in order to keep communities healthy and the environment clean.