A Split Face Comparative Study of Safety and Efficacy of Microneedling with Tranexamic Acid versus Microneedling with Vitamin C in the Treatment of Melasma

Abstract

Background: Melasma is a common hyperpigmentation disorder that significantly impacts the aesthetic appearance and quality of life. Conventional treatments like hydroquinone have limitations due to side effects and efficacy issues, prompting the exploration of alternative therapies.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of microneedling with Tranexamic Acid versus microneedling with Vitamin C in the treatment of melasma, providing insights into their therapeutic value and tolerance.

Methods: In a split-face, randomized controlled trial, 50 participants with clinically diagnosed melasma underwent microneedling with Tranexamic Acid on one half of the face and with Vitamin C on the other half. The study lasted for six months, with assessments at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months post-treatment. The primary outcome measure was the reduction in the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI), while secondary outcomes included improvements in skin texture and patient satisfaction.

Results: Both treatments demonstrated significant improvements in MASI scores with Tranexamic Acid showing a greater reduction in melasma severity compared to Vitamin C. Tranexamic Acid also exhibited longer-lasting effects with fewer relapses, while Vitamin C was noted for its enhancement of skin texture and brightness. Side effects were minimal and transient in both groups.

Conclusion: Microneedling with Tranexamic Acid and Vitamin C both offer effective treatment alternatives for melasma. Tranexamic Acid may provide more substantial and durable improvements in hyperpigmentation, whereas Vitamin C could be preferred for its skin brightening effects and fewer relapses.