A Study on Maternal and Neonatal Factors Leading to Weight Loss in a Healthy Term Newborn During the First 72 Hours of Life

Abstract

Background: The first 72 hours of a newborn's life witness physiological weight loss, influenced by complex factors such as fluid dynamics and energy utilization. Existing research, predominantly in Western contexts, has explored these aspects, but a significant gap exists in understanding the patterns and determinants in Asian neonates, particularly in countries like India.Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted from January to December 2021 Newborn Weight Loss Tool for assessment. Maternal and neonatal factors were collected, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS V21. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.Results: Among 100 term neonates, a mean weight loss of 7.12% ± 1.52% within 72 hours was observed. Cesarean section delivery, inadequate breastfeeding, and low birth weight were associated with higher weight loss percentages. Primigravida mothers and those receiving 501-1000ml IV fluids showed increased weight loss, though statistical significance varied. Comparisons with international studies demonstrated context-specific variations. Conclusion: This study provides crucial insights into neonatal weight loss patterns in Asian neonates, particularly in India. The observed associations between delivery mode, breastfeeding adequacy, and birth weight offer valuable information for clinical practice. By addressing the knowledge gap in this context, the study contributes to the nuanced understanding of neonatal care, paving the way for tailored guidelines and improved well-being during the critical first days of life.