Assessing Incidence and Association of Serum Magnesium Levels, Serum Uric Acid Levels and Microalbuminuria in Patients with Type 2 DM: An Observational Study

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the incidence and association of serum magnesium levels, serum uric acid levels and microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 DM.

Methods: The present study was a hospital based, cross-sectional study, conducted for a period of 1.5 years from January 2022 to June 2023, carried out on 100 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was done in the department of Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India on patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria, after taking an informed written consent from all the subjects.

Results: In our study, 43% of the population belonged to 51-60 years of age group followed by 21% in 31-40 age group. There were 84 males and 16 females in the study. Serum magnesium levels were on the lower side in 90% of the population and only 10% had levels within the normal range in our study. Serum uric acid levels were elevated in 68% of the study population whereas 32% were within the normal range or low. Out of 100, 82 were having Microalbuminuria and 14 were having macroalbuminuria. In our study, there was a strong positive correlation between, hypomagnesemia and microalbuminuria, with highly significant p value of 0.000. Out of 100, 82 were having Microalbuminuria and 14 were having macroalbuminuria, 90 patients had elevated serum Mg levels, i.e., 90%. In our study, there was a positive correlation between, high uric acid levels and microalbuminuria with a highly significant value of 0.000. Out of 82 study population with microalbuminuria, 68 had elevated serum uric acid levels.

Conclusion: There was a significant microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 DM, with reduced serum Mg levels and elevated serum uric acid levels as compared with patients who had serum Mg and uric acid levels within the normal range.