Serum Lipid Profile in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

Background: This study had been carried out to evaluate serum lipid profile among subjects having oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Material and methods:There were a total of 100 subjects in the study. In this investigation, subjects with oral cancer confirmed by histology as well as those without any underlying systemic illness were included. Subjects who were overweight or older than sixty five years were not allowed to participate in the study. The subjects had been split into two groups of fifty subjects each, one for each type of oral cancer and one for healthy ones. Fifty people without the condition made up Group 1, while fifty subjects with the disease made up Group 2. Descriptive statistics were employed in this study in order to reach findings. The results for categorical variables are shown as a percentage, and the findings for continuous variables are shown as mean SD (Min-Max). The results are deemed significant at the five percent level of significance.Analysis of variance is performed to compare research parameters among three or more patient groups; the Post hoc test according to Tukey is used to compare pairwise comparisons. The 3x3 Fisher exact test was used to assess the significance of categorical study parameters between two or more groups. The results are deemed significant at the 5% level of significance.

Results:The study revealed that the oral cancer group had mean plasma triglyceride concentrations of 110.5 mg/dl and the control group had mean levels of 162.5 mg/dl. It was discovered that the malignant groups had mean plasma triglyceride levels that were lower than those of the control group. The mean plasma TC level was 137.7 mg/dl in the cancer group and 209.7 mg/dl in the non-cancer group. Compared to the control group, the precancerous as well as cancerous groups had considerably decreased plasma TC levels.The average HDL levels in the non-cancer group were 86.4 mg/dl, while the average HDL levels in the cancer group were 45.8 mg/dl. There was a substantial drop in plasma HDL levels between the precancerous and cancerous groups and the control group. Those without cancer had mean plasma LDL levels of 109.5 mg/dl, whereas those with cancer had values of 58.9 mg/dl. In both the precancerous and cancerous groups, plasma LDL levels are much lower than in the control group.The average values of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the plasma were 41.1 and 12.41 mg/dl in the control and oral cancer groups, respectively, according to this study. Both the precancerous and cancerous groups showed significantly lower plasma VLDL levels compared to the control group. The ratio of total plasma cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was 3.56 in the healthy group and 4.71 in the oral cancer group. The plasma cholesterol to HDL ratio is much higher in the precancerous and cancerous groups than in the control group.

Conclusion:The risk of oral cancer was inversely correlated with serum lipid profile. There is data that suggests a decrease in serum lipid levels may indicate neoplastic cell changes before they become apparent.