Understanding Occupational Hazards in Dental Training: Awareness and Prevalence among Students at Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital.

Abstract

Introduction: Occupational hazards are inherent risks associated with various professions. The significance of occupational health was highlighted by Bernardino Ramazzini in the 18th century. Despite advancements in safety measures, dental professionals continue to face notable risks. This study assesses the prevalence and awareness of occupational hazards among dental students and interns at Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among third and fourth-year students and interns, with a sample size of 279 participants. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics, frequency distributions, percentages, and ANOVA were used to identify significant differences between groups, with a p-value threshold of 0.00 for statistical significance.

Results :The study had 279 participants, 77.1% of whom were women. Sharp instrument injuries were the most common physical hazard (50.2%), with burs causing 31.7% of injuries. Needlestick injuries were frequent, with 64.5% of participants experiencing them 6-10 times. Infections were the most common biological hazard (82.1%), and 89.6% recognized saliva as a contamination source. Stress factors included academic (30.1%) and practice-related (26.9%) pressures. Personal protective measures were generally adhered to, with 94.6% using gloves during treatments.

Discussion: The findings indicate that dental students are highly aware of occupational hazards but still experience significant risks, particularly from sharp instruments and needlestick injuries. The use of dosimeters was notably low, highlighting a gap in radiation safety practices. The high prevalence of stress-related issues underscores the need for mental health support and stress management strategies.

Conclusion: This study provides a detailed overview of occupational hazards among dental students, emphasizing the need for improved safety protocols and mental health support. Broader research across multiple institutions is recommended to generalize findings and enhance occupational safety in dental education.