Jackfruit Leaf Extract Hydrogel as a Local Drug Delivery Agent in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis - A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Abstract

Periodontal disease, characterized by inflammation and tissue destruction, necessitates effective treatment strategies to regenerate lost tissues and maintain gingival health. Local drug delivery systems (LDDS) offer targeted therapy, enhancing drug concentration at infection sites with minimal side effects. Hydrogels, with their biocompatibility and drug release capabilities, present promising carriers for bioactive molecules. Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit), renowned for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, emerges as a potential therapeutic agent. This study evaluates the efficacy of jackfruit leaf extract hydrogel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in treating chronic periodontitis. Patients with chronic periodontitis (60 sites, Group I-30 sites, Group II-30 sites) are divided into two groups: one receiving scaling and root planing with jackfruit leaf extract hydrogel, and the other receiving scaling and root planing alone. Clinical parameters including gingival index, plaque index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level are recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Statistical analysis reveals significant improvements in all clinical parameters in both groups, with the group receiving jackfruit leaf extract hydrogel showing additional benefits. The hydrogel demonstrates significant potential in mitigating chronic periodontitis symptoms, likely due to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Minimal adverse effects and positive patient feedback suggest its feasibility and acceptance as a treatment option. These findings propose jackfruit leaf extract hydrogel as a promising avenue for localized drug delivery in periodontal therapy. Further research with larger cohorts and extended follow-up periods is warranted to validate its efficacy and establish it as a standard therapeutic option for chronic periodontitis.