Investigating the Potential of Andrographis Paniculata as a Natural Protection Against Pathogens for Gentle and Intimate Care

Abstract

Introduction: Bacterial infections present a substantial worldwide challenge to public health, causing chronic diseases and fatalities. The proliferation of antibiotic-resistant strains, driven by misuse of antibiotics, has intensified this issue. Consequently, multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens have emerged, causing diverse bacterial infections and resulting in increased morbidity and mortality rates. As a precautionary measure, this study aimed to explore the potential of Andrographis paniculata, a medicinal plant, and its derived product against infection causing pathogens.

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial properties and formulation of a herbal soap utilizing extracts from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata, targeting a range of pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, the study sought to assess the biocompatibility of the herbal soap through MTT assay analysis.

Methods: The leaf extracts of Andrographis paniculata were obtained using chloroform, methanol, and distilled water as solvents. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity was performed. The antibacterial activity of these extracts was tested against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens including P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli and B. licheniformis by Agar well diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration methods. Furthermore, a formulation of the hygiene product, a herbal soap was developed and its antibacterial activity as well as biocompatibility through MTT assay was evaluated for the analysis of its potential, safety and efficacy.

Results: The phytochemical studies specified the existence of various phytochemicals in different extracts such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins. The extracts showed potent antioxidant activity. Significant antimicrobial activity was shown by the crude extracts and herbal soap product on the bacterial pathogens at different concentrations. The MTT assay results showed that further reduction in drug dosage of the herbal soap product may lead in the improvement of cell viability. The cytotoxicity of the herbal soap was dose dependent.

Conclusions: The promising results of this study pave the way for future advancements in the development of herbal products derived from Andrographis paniculata leaf extracts, particularly in their efficacy against infectious pathogens.