Murrya Koenigii Extract Attenuates Gene Expression of Endothilin-1 and VEGFR-2 and Upregulates NF-ΚB Genes in NRK-52 Cells Exposed to Glucotoxicity

Abstract

Introduction: The Murraya koenigii plant, a member of the Rutaceae family, is renowned for its immunomodulatory and nephroprotective effects. Its leaves contain carbazole compounds known for their revitalizing properties, making Murraya koenigii a significant medicinal plant often utilized in Indian cuisine.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the influence of Murraya koenigii extract on gene expression in NRK-52E cells exposed to glucotoxic conditions.

Materials and methods: Fresh Murraya koenigii plants from Arakkonam, Ranipet District were harvested, washed, and dried. The dried plants were powdered and stored airtight. From this, 50 grams were methanol-extracted via Soxhlet for 4 days, yielding 12 grams of crude extract. A working solution was prepared by dissolving the crude extract powder (20mg) in DMSO (1 ml) for cell line treatment.

Results: The exposure to the extract significantly affected gene expression levels. Specifically, it attenuated the expression of Endothelin-1 and VEGFR-2 genes associated with certain physiological processes. Conversely, the extract led to upregulating HIF-1α, TNF-α, and NF-κB genes, indicating potential modulation of cellular responses and signaling pathways.

Conclusion: Murraya koenigii extract may offer renoprotective benefits against glucotoxicity-induced cellular damage by acting on Endothelin-1, VEGFR-2, and HIF-1α genes, while its immunomodulatory activity may involve upregulation of TNF-α and NF-κB genes.