Review on Analytical Methodology for Estimation of Vildagliptin & Metformin in Drug Substance, Pharmaceutical Formulations & Biological Metrices

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a common disease that is becoming increasingly common and is a    major public health concern worldwide. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 29.1 million adults in the United States (9.3% of the population) were diagnosed with diabetes in 2012. Since the discovery of insulin, many antidiabetic drugs have been approved and discontinued. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of diabetes. Vildagliptin and metformin are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Both oral hypoglycemic drugs are in the new class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) drugs. These analytical methods are based on four basic principles: electrochemistry, spectroscopy, chromatography and spot formation. Various analytical methods are used for the analysis of antidiabetic drugs, such as spectroscopy, LC-MS, HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, capillary electrophoresis (CE), GC-MS, LC-ESI/MS for diagnostic studies. Metformin works primarily by reducing endogenous glucose production in the liver. Vildagliptin works mainly by inhibiting DPP-4, an enzyme involved in the breakdown of hormones GLP-1 (glucogen-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). In this review, we determine the analytical legend, formulation and biological activity of the antidiabetic drugs metformin and vildagliptin.