Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Type Two Diabetes Patients in A Tertiary Care Centre in Tamilnadu

Abstract

BACKGROUND:  Diabetes has a number of long term effects on the genitourinary system. These effects predisposes to bacterial urinary tract infection. It may also be an influencing factor for asymptomatic bacteriuria. Presence of excessive number of bacteria in urine without causing any symptoms is known as Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB). Untreated ASB predisposes the individual to recurrent UTI, leads to renal disease and septicemia. ASB is common in females than compared to males. The high sugar level is the main cause of prevalence of UTI among the diabetic patients

AIM:  To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in type two diabetes mellitus patients

METHODOLOGY: A Cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of one year in the medicine department of Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital,Salem. A total of 180 diabetes patients were selected for this study. This study was conducted after getting the ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee.Informed consent was obtained from all the participants involved in this study. All the study participants were administered a semi structured questionnaire. Fasting and post prandial blood sugars, urine complete and urine culture & sensitivity were done in patients. Incidence of ASB and growth of organism in urine were seen in the study

RESULT: In this study the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was found to be 22.2 %. E.coli( 45%) is the most commonest organism found among the patients in this study and other organisms present were candida, klebsiella, pseudomonas and citrobacter.  Females were affected  more than males ( p value =0.003) and  patients who had poorly  controlled diabetes status were more affected than the controlled diabetes patients( p value= 0.007).

CONCLUSION :  This present study suggested E.coli is the most common organism causing ASB. The association of gender with asymptomatic bacteriuria shows female patients had more risk of getting ASB. This shows female gender is a risk factor of asymptomatic bacteriuria. The association of diabetes control status with asymptomatic bacteriuria shows that diabetes control status was significantly associated with bacteriuria. Uncontrolled diabetes status shows a risk factor for asymptomatic bacteriuria.