Demographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Insights from Histological Examination and Clinic Records

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the demographics and clinicopathological characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Histological examination was conducted on all OSCC slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and clinic records were thoroughly reviewed. The study comprised 173 cases of OSCC, with 66% of the patients being male. The average age of the patients was a decade older. The most common sites of OSCC occurrence were the tongue border (36%), alveolar mucosa/gingiva (19%), and the tongue floor or ventral tongue (18%). Males exhibited a higher frequency of tobacco and alcohol consumption compared to females. The average tumor size was 3.4 cm. OSCCs were categorized as well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated in 26%, 39%, and 20% of cases, respectively. Additionally, microinvasive OSCC was identified in 26 cases, and OSCC variants were observed in 17 cases. Females showed a predilection for developing OSCC in the buccal mucosa/buccal sulcus and alveolar mucosa/gingival regions. Overall, this study provides comprehensive epidemiological insights into OSCC characteristics within a public dental laboratory, emphasizing notable differences between males and females.