Efficiency and Stability of 2-D Material-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Perovskites are recognized as highly promising materials for third-generation solar cells. There are still significant difficulties that need to be addressed concerning the efficiency and stability of devices. The efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is significantly influenced by the dynamics of charge carriers. The intricate process involves the generation, extraction, transit, and collection of charge carriers, all of which must be controlled effectively to obtain optimal performance. Two-dimensional materials (TDMs) such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (e.g. MoS2, WS2), black phosphorus (BP), metal nanosheets, and two-dimensional (2D) perovskite active layers are being widely studied for their high carrier mobility and adjustable work function properties, which significantly influence the charge carrier dynamics of perovskite solar cells. Significant progress has been made for TDMs-based PSCs so far. This paper discusses the latest advancements in utilizing TDMs like as graphene, graphdiyne, transition metal dichalcogenides, BP, and others as electrodes, hole transporting layers, electron transporting layers, and buffer layers in PSCs. 2D perovskites are discussed as efficient absorber materials in PSCs. This discussion focuses on how TDMs and 2D perovskites impact the movement of electric charges in PSCs to further our understanding of their light-electricity conversion processes. The PSC devices' issues are highlighted along with solutions aimed at enhancing the efficiency and stability of solar devices.