Thyroid Function Test & Hematological Abnormalities in CKD

Abstract

The clinical illness known as chronic kidney disease (CKD) is typified by the permanent loss of kidney function. It is a common illness that affects people all around the world. Thyroid hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) metabolism, breakdown, and removal are all greatly aided by the kidneys. Thyroid dysfunction can also arise as an endocrine symptom in patients with CKD. The results of earlier research examining thyroid anomalies and severity of CKD have been inconsistent. Based on epidemiologic data, there is a progressive increase in the prevalence of hypothyroidism as kidney failure severity increases. Owing to changes in thyroid hormone production, metabolism, and control, a variety of abnormalities in thyroid functional tests are also frequently seen in patients with CKD. Although the exact mechanism between thyroid and kidney disease is yet unknown, observational research indicates that hypothyroidism is linked to aberrant kidney shape and function. Recent research indicates that hypothyroidism, once believed to be a physiological response, is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death in those with chronic kidney disease. A typical side effect of chronic renal disease that has a high morbidity and death rate is anaemia. The majority of chronic renal failure patients have significant anaemia and bleeding tendencies at first, which get worse when they have underlying medical conditions. In addition to haemoglobin hematocrit (Hct), CKD is characterised by abnormalities in red blood cell (RBC), total leukocyte count (TLC), and platelet count. An increasing amount of research indicates that haematological abnormalities and thyroid dysfunction are risk factors for incident CKD, the advancement of CKD, and an increased risk of death in individuals with renal disease. Thorough research is required to ascertain how thyroid hormone blood parameters affect the course and mortality of kidney disease, since this could provide insight into the potential causative relationships between these and CKD.