Study of the Epidemiological Profile of Type 1 Diabetes in Children Consulting the Military Hospital of Rabat

Abstract

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. This condition is characterized by a combination of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. The study aims to establish the epidemiological profile of children with T1D consulting at the Military Hospital of Rabat.

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiological profile of children aged 10 to 18 years with T1D, evaluating the impact of diabetes age on glycemic stability, HbA1c value, and the intensity of complications.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 30 children with T1D. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical data were collected and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.

Results: The findings of this study show that 63.3% of children have developed type 1 diabetes for less than a year, and 83.3% of them were hospitalized due to glycemic imbalance. Furthermore, 83.3% of children had an HbA1c level above 7%, indicating a high risk of long-term complications.

Regarding the anthropometric characteristics, 33.3% of children are underweight, while 2 children are overweight. These data emphasize the importance of nutritional monitoring for these sick children.

Additionally, the study reveals that 13.33% of children developed diabetic ketoacidosis, a severe complication requiring rapid management. This alarming situation highlights the need for close monitoring and appropriate interventions to prevent long-term complications in these patients.

Overall, these results demonstrate the vulnerability of children with type 1 diabetes and the necessity for health authorities to pay particular attention to their follow-up and comprehensive management.13.33% of children developed diabetic ketoacidosis, a serious complication requiring rapid management.

Conclusions: This study highlights the need for appropriate management of children with T1D to prevent long-term complications. Health authorities should be more involved in the follow-up and support of these sick children.