Nano-Scale non ionic surfactant vesicles for drug delivery

Abstract

Nano-scale non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NSVs) have emerged as promising candidates for targeted drug delivery. These vesicles, commonly referred to as liposomes, are small spherical structures composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous compartment. The small size of liposomes allows them to cross biological barriers and target specific cells or tissues. The non-ionic nature of the surfactant used in the formulation prevents aggregation and allows for stability in various physiological environments. These vesicles can be customized by varying the lipid composition and surface modifications, modulating the drug release profile and stability, and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. NSVs offer advantages such as high drug loading capacity, controlled release kinetics, and tunable surface properties, making them attractive candidates for drug delivery. In vivo studies have demonstrated the efficacy of NSVs in various disease models, including cancer, infectious diseases, inflammatory disorders, and neurological conditions. Clinical trials have further evaluated NSVs for drug delivery applications, focusing on safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics in human subjects. Challenges in clinical translation, such as ensuring safety, optimizing pharmacokinetics, and obtaining regulatory approval, remain, but ongoing research efforts continue to advance NSV-based drug delivery technologies. Collaborative efforts between researchers, clinicians, industry partners, and regulatory agencies are crucial for realizing the full potential of NSVs as safe, effective, and clinically viable drug delivery systems for addressing unmet medical needs and enhancing healthcare delivery worldwide.