Relevance of Computed Tomography Guided Lung Biopsy in Evaluating Lung Lesions with Histopathology Correlation

Abstract

Introduction: A lung biopsy offers key diagnostic details that is required to provide the best possible patient care, making it an invaluable tool in the thorough assessment of pulmonary abnormalities. Lung biopsy improves patient outcomes and quality of life by enabling precise diagnosis, prognosis, and customized therapy plans by giving histological characterization of lesions.

Objectives: To evaluate the significance of CT guided lung biopsy for lung lesions and correlate with histopathology in a patient with a previous medical history of clinical indication of Lung lesion or a physical examination of lung lesion.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed among 46 patients which included the data of patients with clinical/laboratory/ultrasonography diagnosis of Lung lesion who were further referred for CT guided Lung biopsy for correlation. A detailed data of 46 patients were collected including age, Gender, Clinical history and histopathological findings were entered in a specifically designed format taken into consideration.

Results: The majority of patients (48%) were asymptomatic while 30% experienced chest pain as a primary symptom and 22% had a history of haemoptysis. CT guided lung biopsy demonstrated a diagnostic yield of 100%, overall, with n=33, 71.8% yield for malignant lesions and n=7, 15.2% yield for benign lesions and n=6, 13%, for other atypical findings. Out of the 33 malignant lesions most of them were diagnosed with Adenocarcinoma (n=11, 33%), followed by Squamous cell carcinoma (n=7, 21.2%), Metastatic Carcinoma n=5, 15%), Metastatic sarcoma (n=5, 15%) and Metastatic melanoma (n=5, 15%) respectively.

Conclusions: By integrating CT findings with histopathology, clinicians can effectively differentiate between benign and malignant abnormalities, guiding personalized treatment plans.