Efficacy of Calcium Enriched Mixture Cement, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calcium Hydroxide Used as Direct Pulp Capping Agents in Deep Carious Lesion- A Randomized Control Trial

Abstract

Objective- This randomised clinical trial's primary goal was to compare the effectiveness of direct pulp capping (DPC) of deep carious lesions with reversible pulpitis with Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM) cement, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), and Calcium Hydroxide (CH), and its secondary goal was to evaluate the overall effectiveness of DPC in carious exposures. Methods: This study comprised 150 individuals with profound carious lesions and a diagnosis of reversible pulpitis. Three groups of patients (n=50) were randomly assigned: Group C: CEM group, Group M: MTA group, and Group D: CH (Dycal) group. Based on positive vitality tests, the absence of clinical signs and symptoms, and PAI scores at 1, 3, and 6 months, patients' outcomes were evaluated as successful, and 18-month follow-up periods. Results- Group C had an overall success rate of 86.7%, Group M 77.3%, and Group D 57.9%. After direct pulp capping of deep carious lesions, the total success rate of this trial was 74.8%. Groups C and D showed a statistically significant PAI score difference. Conclusion: In teeth with reversible pulpitis, CEM cement was more effective than CH and MTA at preserving pulpal vitality after DPC. DPC could produce positive therapeutic outcomes in deep carious lesions with reversible pulpitis, according to its overall success rate of 74.8%.