Fabrication and evaluation of hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxide and egg shell derived hydroxyapatite GTR membrane

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Guided tissue regeneration or GTR is a predictable and effective surgical treatment method for regeneration and treatment of periodontal defects. Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate apatite that has been used as graft material with great success. Thus, a novel GTR membrane from HA, Gelatin and eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite could be beneficial in bone remodelling and in the treatment of periodontal defects among periodontally compromised patients whose bone formation levels are affected due to age or other factors.

MATERIALS AND METHOD: Eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite was fabricated by calcifying the eggshells at 900 degrees Celsius, adding 0.5M diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution and drying it at 100 degrees Celsius overnight. GTR membrane was prepared and the samples were then assessed for tensile strength, contact angle SEM and FTIR.

RESULTS: The average contact angle of the control sample is 70.01°. 0.5% EHA GTR membrane shows an average contact angle of 68.12° and 1% EHA GTR membrane shows an average value of 71.05°. In our study, it was seen that the fabricated samples showed similar contact angles to the control. All the peaks of EHA were assessed on the FTIR spectrum of EHA-HA gelatin membrane which indicates the successful mediation of EHA into the sample.

CONCLUSION: Eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite is a versatile and novel bone graft substitute that showed promising results within the study limitations. It is a safe synthetic graft substitute that exhibits good physical properties and is cost-effective and economical.